(a) A potential difference of magnitude V is applied between the top and bottom plates such that the sphere falls at constant speed v. Derive an expression for the magnitude of the charge q on the sphere. Express your answer in terms of m, L, V, and fundamental constants, as appropriate.

The experiment is performed many times with spheres of identical known mass but different unknown charges, each time adjusting the potential difference V to the value needed so that the sphere falls at constant speed v. The magnitudes of the charges are calculated from the measured values of the potential difference. The data is plotted below as a function of the magnitude of V.

 

 

	(b) Provide a physical explanation for the gap observed in the data between potential differences of 1700 V and 2800 V.

	(c) If the value of L is 0.050 m, calculate the mass m of the spheres.

A uniform magnetic field of magnitude B, directed into the page, is now applied in the bottom half of the region between the plates, as shown in the figure below. The experiment is repeated, with the potential difference adjusted again so that the charged sphere falls with constant speed prior to entering the magnetic field.

 

 

	(d) i. Describe the motion of the sphere as it travels through the magnetic field.

	(d) ii. Describe how the motion could be used to determine the sign of the charge.

	(e) Derive an expression for the minimum value of B needed to prevent the sphere from reaching the bottom plate. Express your answer in terms of m, q, v, L, and fundamental constants, as appropriate.