This question has three parts.

This question has four parts. Write your response on the next page. Be sure to label each part of your response.

Two copper objects, X and Y, have different shapes. Each object is heated to 100°C and then placed in its own jar. Each jar contains the same amount of water that is at the same temperature. Object Y cools at a faster rate than object X because object Y has a greater surface area. The graph shows the temperature of each object over time.

 

 

Part A. Was the initial water temperature higher than 100°C, between 100°C and 60°C, or lower than 60°C? Explain your reasoning.

Part B. Describe when the copper objects will stop cooling.

Students are analyzing the results of three investigations as they learn about the wave and particle models of light. The three investigations, X, Y, and Z, are represented in the diagrams.

 

 

Part A: In investigation X, light behaves like a

The graph shows the positions of two carts, cart X and cart Y, before and after they collided on a track. Assume friction was negligible and that the total momentum of the two-cart system was conserved during the collision.

 

 

Part A: Which cart was at rest before the collision?

Part B: After the collision, the carts

Three pairs of charges, X, Y, and Z, are shown.

 

 

Which of the following correctly orders the pairs of charges by the magnitude of the forces between the charges in each pair?

The diagram shows a worker pushing a crate from the bottom of a ramp to the top of the ramp.

 

 

The worker does 1900 J of work on the crate to push it to the top of the ramp. The crate has a gravitational potential energy of 1200 J at the top of the ramp. What is the efficiency of the worker pushing the crate from the bottom to the top of the ramp?

 

A circuit includes a battery and three resistors, as shown.

 

 

What is the total resistance of the circuit?

A car is traveling with an initial velocity of 30 m/s. Over 6 s, the car slows to a final velocity of 18 m/s.

 

What is the magnitude of the car’s average acceleration during the 6 s?

In an investigation, the temperature of a 1 kg sample of liquid ethanol was initially 0°C. As energy was added to the sample, the temperature of the ethanol was recorded in a graph, as shown. Assume no energy was transferred to the surroundings.

 

 

Part A: Which of the following best describes the sample of ethanol?

The diagram shows a 900 kg hot air balloon. Only two forces are acting on the balloon, a 9000 N gravitational force and a 9500 N lift force.

 

 

What is the acceleration of the balloon?

The following section focuses on sound and light waves produced by an electronic game.

 

Read the information below and use it to answer the selected-response questions and constructed-response question that follow.

 

One type of handheld electronic game is known as a random sequence game (RSG). The object of the game is to try to repeat a unique sequence of light and sound signals produced by the RSG. The player does this by pressing the game’s four color buttons in the correct order. The color buttons produce equally bright lights and equally loud sounds when pressed.

 

Each color button, however, produces a different color of light and a different pitch of sound. The game is shown in the illustration.

 

 

The table shows the frequency of the sound and the wavelength of the light that each button produces.

 

 

Part A: A player presses the blue button on the RSG, which produces a blue light wave and a sound wave. The player’s friend is standing 3 m away. Which wave reaches the player’s friend first?

This question has three parts. Write your response on the next page. Be sure to label each part of your response.

 

A student pressed the red color button on the RSG, which produced a sound wave that traveled at 343 m/s through air.

 

 

Part A: The diagram shows the sound wave produced by the red button, with six arrows labeled P, Q, R, S, T, and U.

 

 

Identify the arrow (P, Q, R, S, T, or U) in the diagram that represents a wavelength of the sound.

The graph shows the change in position of an object over time.

 

 

At which of the following times did the object have a velocity of 0 m/s?

A student placed a compass directly on top of a wire. The student then connected each end of the wire to a battery. The diagrams show the compass and wire before and after the battery was connected.

 

 

Which of the following best describes why the compass needle moved?

This question has four parts. Write your response on the next page. Be sure to label each part of your response.

 

A material hoist is a device used to lift or lower heavy loads. The illustration shows a material hoist lifting two people whose combined mass is 160 kg.

 

 

Part A: Calculate the work done by the hoist to lift the two people 15 m. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.